منابع مشابه
Abstraction, Law, and Freedom in Computer Science
ION, LAW, AND FREEDOM IN COMPUTER SCIENCE TIMOTHY COLBURN AND GARY SHUTE Abstract: Laws of computer science are prescriptive in nature but can have Laws of computer science are prescriptive in nature but can have descriptive analogs in the physical sciences. Here, we describe a law of conservation of information in network programming, and various laws of computational motion (invariants) for p...
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Elsevier Science refused to publish a study of IBM workers that IBM sought to keep from public view. Occupational and environmental health (OEH) suffers from the absence of a level playing field on which science can thrive. Industry pays for a substantial portion of OEH research. Studies done by private consulting firms or academic institutions may be published if the results suit the sponsorin...
متن کاملwhy research freedom is crucial to science
Government bodies rely on evidence based science in order to make health-care recommendations to the general public. In turn, members of the public trust that the scientific information that is being given to their doctors is based on evidence, allowing them to feel confident in the treatment they receive. For research institutions, integrity in research is extremely important because poor resu...
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Since its inception in the work of the classical social theorists, the sociology of knowledge—or as some would prefer, of belief—has generated an extensive array of debates about relativism. A central question has been whether the very existence of social determinants for beliefs makes it impossible to regard them as true or rational in any absolute sense, and this has proved especially content...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 1957
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.126.3287.1317